MikroTik Multi-WAN PCC Load Balance Calculator
Multi-WAN (2–5 ISP) proportional PCC load balancing and recursive failover configuration script generator for RouterOS v7.
Input Parameters
Calculation Results
- Number of ISP Lines (WAN)
- 2 ISPs
- Calculation Mode
- pcc
- PCC Classifier Method
- both-addresses-and-ports
- LAN / Bridge Interface
- bridge-lan
- LAN Network Subnet
- 192.168.88.0/24
- Total Combined Bandwidth
- 150 Mbps
- ISP Load Balancing Ratio
- 2 : 1
- Total PCC Streams
- 3 Streams
Network Reflex & Speed Drill
Standar SKKNI J.611000.004.01 • MTCNA • CCNA • LPIC-1Interactive speed drill testing your quick calculation reflexes on CIDR/VLSM subnetting, TIA-598-C fiber color codes, well-known ports, and Linux sysadmin commands without using external calculators.
🎯 Your Task: Answer each multiple-choice question as accurately and quickly as possible to benchmark your engineering instincts.
Ideal for FQ-CoDel queues up to 30–50 active users and branch WireGuard tunnels.
| No | Segment Name | WAN Interface | Gateway IP | Bandwidth | Check-Gateway Target IP | PCC Stream Weight | Connection Mark | Routing Table |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ISP1 | ether1-ISP1 | 192.168.1.1 | 100 Mbps | 1.1.1.1 | 2 | ISP1_conn | to-ISP1 |
| 2 | ISP2 | ether2-ISP2 | 192.168.2.1 | 50 Mbps | 8.8.8.8 | 1 | ISP2_conn | to-ISP2 |
# ===================================================================== # InfraCalc.web.id - MikroTik RouterOS v7 Multi-WAN (2 ISP) PCC + Recursive Failover # Rasio Beban Otomatis: ISP1 (100M) : ISP2 (50M) = 2 : 1 (3 PCC Streams) # Classifier: both-addresses-and-ports | LAN Interface: bridge-lan (192.168.88.0/24) # ===================================================================== /routing table add disabled=no fib name=to-ISP1 add disabled=no fib name=to-ISP2 /ip firewall address-list add address=192.168.0.0/16 list=RFC1918-LOCAL comment="Bypass Private LAN Traffic" add address=10.0.0.0/8 list=RFC1918-LOCAL add address=172.16.0.0/12 list=RFC1918-LOCAL /ip firewall mangle add action=accept chain=prerouting dst-address-list=RFC1918-LOCAL in-interface=bridge-lan comment="Bypass Local-to-Local / Inter-VLAN dari PCC" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark in-interface=ether1-ISP1 new-connection-mark=ISP1_conn passthrough=yes comment="Mark Inbound ISP1" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark in-interface=ether2-ISP2 new-connection-mark=ISP2_conn passthrough=yes comment="Mark Inbound ISP2" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark dst-address-type=!local in-interface=bridge-lan new-connection-mark=ISP1_conn passthrough=yes per-connection-classifier=both-addresses-and-ports:3/0 comment="PCC Stream 1/3 -> ISP1 (100M)" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark dst-address-type=!local in-interface=bridge-lan new-connection-mark=ISP1_conn passthrough=yes per-connection-classifier=both-addresses-and-ports:3/1 comment="PCC Stream 2/3 -> ISP1 (100M)" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark dst-address-type=!local in-interface=bridge-lan new-connection-mark=ISP2_conn passthrough=yes per-connection-classifier=both-addresses-and-ports:3/2 comment="PCC Stream 3/3 -> ISP2 (50M)" add action=mark-routing chain=prerouting connection-mark=ISP1_conn in-interface=bridge-lan new-routing-mark=to-ISP1 passthrough=no comment="Route LAN ke ISP1" add action=mark-routing chain=prerouting connection-mark=ISP2_conn in-interface=bridge-lan new-routing-mark=to-ISP2 passthrough=no comment="Route LAN ke ISP2" add action=mark-routing chain=output connection-mark=ISP1_conn new-routing-mark=to-ISP1 passthrough=no comment="Route Output Router ke ISP1" add action=mark-routing chain=output connection-mark=ISP2_conn new-routing-mark=to-ISP2 passthrough=no comment="Route Output Router ke ISP2" /ip firewall nat add action=masquerade chain=srcnat out-interface=ether1-ISP1 comment="NAT Masquerade ISP1 (100 Mbps)" add action=masquerade chain=srcnat out-interface=ether2-ISP2 comment="NAT Masquerade ISP2 (50 Mbps)" # Recursive Routing Failover (Mendeteksi Putus di Tengah Jaringan ISP / FO Cut) /ip route add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 gateway=192.168.1.1 scope=10 target-scope=10 comment="Monitor Host ISP1 via ether1-ISP1" add dst-address=8.8.8.8/32 gateway=192.168.2.1 scope=10 target-scope=10 comment="Monitor Host ISP2 via ether2-ISP2" # Routing Table per ISP + Cascading Backup Otomatis add check-gateway=ping distance=1 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=1.1.1.1 routing-table=to-ISP1 scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Primary Route Table ISP1" add check-gateway=ping distance=2 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=8.8.8.8 routing-table=to-ISP1 scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Failover Table ISP1 -> Backup ISP2" add check-gateway=ping distance=1 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=8.8.8.8 routing-table=to-ISP2 scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Primary Route Table ISP2" add check-gateway=ping distance=2 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=1.1.1.1 routing-table=to-ISP2 scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Failover Table ISP2 -> Backup ISP1" # Default Route pada Main Routing Table add check-gateway=ping distance=1 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=1.1.1.1 routing-table=main scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Default Route Main ISP1 (Distance 1)" add check-gateway=ping distance=2 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=8.8.8.8 routing-table=main scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Default Route Main ISP2 (Distance 2)"
Multi-Vendor Config Translator & Interactive Packet Flow Visualizer
# ===================================================================== # InfraCalc.web.id - MikroTik RouterOS v7 Multi-WAN (2 ISP) PCC + Recursive Failover # Rasio Beban Otomatis: ISP1 (100M) : ISP2 (50M) = 2 : 1 (3 PCC Streams) # Classifier: both-addresses-and-ports | LAN Interface: bridge-lan (192.168.88.0/24) # ===================================================================== /routing table add disabled=no fib name=to-ISP1 add disabled=no fib name=to-ISP2 /ip firewall address-list add address=192.168.0.0/16 list=RFC1918-LOCAL comment="Bypass Private LAN Traffic" add address=10.0.0.0/8 list=RFC1918-LOCAL add address=172.16.0.0/12 list=RFC1918-LOCAL /ip firewall mangle add action=accept chain=prerouting dst-address-list=RFC1918-LOCAL in-interface=bridge-lan comment="Bypass Local-to-Local / Inter-VLAN dari PCC" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark in-interface=ether1-ISP1 new-connection-mark=ISP1_conn passthrough=yes comment="Mark Inbound ISP1" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark in-interface=ether2-ISP2 new-connection-mark=ISP2_conn passthrough=yes comment="Mark Inbound ISP2" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark dst-address-type=!local in-interface=bridge-lan new-connection-mark=ISP1_conn passthrough=yes per-connection-classifier=both-addresses-and-ports:3/0 comment="PCC Stream 1/3 -> ISP1 (100M)" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark dst-address-type=!local in-interface=bridge-lan new-connection-mark=ISP1_conn passthrough=yes per-connection-classifier=both-addresses-and-ports:3/1 comment="PCC Stream 2/3 -> ISP1 (100M)" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark dst-address-type=!local in-interface=bridge-lan new-connection-mark=ISP2_conn passthrough=yes per-connection-classifier=both-addresses-and-ports:3/2 comment="PCC Stream 3/3 -> ISP2 (50M)" add action=mark-routing chain=prerouting connection-mark=ISP1_conn in-interface=bridge-lan new-routing-mark=to-ISP1 passthrough=no comment="Route LAN ke ISP1" add action=mark-routing chain=prerouting connection-mark=ISP2_conn in-interface=bridge-lan new-routing-mark=to-ISP2 passthrough=no comment="Route LAN ke ISP2" add action=mark-routing chain=output connection-mark=ISP1_conn new-routing-mark=to-ISP1 passthrough=no comment="Route Output Router ke ISP1" add action=mark-routing chain=output connection-mark=ISP2_conn new-routing-mark=to-ISP2 passthrough=no comment="Route Output Router ke ISP2" /ip firewall nat add action=masquerade chain=srcnat out-interface=ether1-ISP1 comment="NAT Masquerade ISP1 (100 Mbps)" add action=masquerade chain=srcnat out-interface=ether2-ISP2 comment="NAT Masquerade ISP2 (50 Mbps)" # Recursive Routing Failover (Mendeteksi Putus di Tengah Jaringan ISP / FO Cut) /ip route add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 gateway=192.168.1.1 scope=10 target-scope=10 comment="Monitor Host ISP1 via ether1-ISP1" add dst-address=8.8.8.8/32 gateway=192.168.2.1 scope=10 target-scope=10 comment="Monitor Host ISP2 via ether2-ISP2" # Routing Table per ISP + Cascading Backup Otomatis add check-gateway=ping distance=1 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=1.1.1.1 routing-table=to-ISP1 scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Primary Route Table ISP1" add check-gateway=ping distance=2 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=8.8.8.8 routing-table=to-ISP1 scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Failover Table ISP1 -> Backup ISP2" add check-gateway=ping distance=1 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=8.8.8.8 routing-table=to-ISP2 scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Primary Route Table ISP2" add check-gateway=ping distance=2 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=1.1.1.1 routing-table=to-ISP2 scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Failover Table ISP2 -> Backup ISP1" # Default Route pada Main Routing Table add check-gateway=ping distance=1 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=1.1.1.1 routing-table=main scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Default Route Main ISP1 (Distance 1)" add check-gateway=ping distance=2 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=8.8.8.8 routing-table=main scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Default Route Main ISP2 (Distance 2)"
Visual Network Topology Generator (SVG / PNG)
Technical Accuracy Note: Calculation results are engineering estimates based on standard RFC/IEEE/ITU-T models. Actual field performance may vary due to protocol overhead, hardware specifications, and environmental factors.
How to Use This Tool
- Select your number of ISP links (2 to 5) and choose the operational mode: PCC Load Balancing + Failover or pure Active-Backup Failover.
- Enter your local LAN bridge name, each ISP's WAN interface, modem gateway IP, measured bandwidth in Mbps, and recursive ping monitor IP (such as 1.1.1.1 or 8.8.8.8).
- Review the computed load ratio and total PCC stream count, then copy the complete RouterOS v7 script—including RFC 1918 LAN bypass rules—directly into your router terminal.
Worked Example: Dual-WAN 100M + 50M (2:1 Ratio)
Computed example: Combining 2 ISPs (ISP1 at 100M and ISP2 at 50M) produces a proportional load ratio of 2 : 1 across 3 PCC streams on bridge-lan (150 Mbps aggregate capacity).
- Number of ISP Providers
- 2 ISP Providers
- Operation Mode
- PCC Load Balance + Recursive Failover
- PCC Classifier
- both-addresses-and-ports (Recommended)
- LAN Bridge Interface
- bridge-lan
- LAN Subnet (CIDR)
- 192.168.88.0/24
- ISP 1 Bandwidth (Mbps)
- 100 Mbps
- ISP 1 Gateway IP
- 192.168.1.1
- ISP 1 Interface
- ether1-ISP1
- ISP 2 Bandwidth (Mbps)
- 50 Mbps
- ISP 2 Gateway IP
- 192.168.2.1
- ISP 2 Interface
- ether2-ISP2
- Number of ISP Lines (WAN)
- 2 ISPs
- Calculation Mode
- pcc
- PCC Classifier Method
- both-addresses-and-ports
- LAN / Bridge Interface
- bridge-lan
- LAN Network Subnet
- 192.168.88.0/24
- Total Combined Bandwidth
- 150 Mbps
- ISP Load Balancing Ratio
- 2 : 1
- Total PCC Streams
- 3 Streams
- Terminal Configuration Script (CLI)
- # ===================================================================== # InfraCalc.web.id - MikroTik RouterOS v7 Multi-WAN (2 ISP) PCC + Recursive Failover # Rasio Beban Otomatis: ISP1 (100M) : ISP2 (50M) = 2 : 1 (3 PCC Streams) # Classifier: both-addresses-and-ports | LAN Interface: bridge-lan (192.168.88.0/24) # ===================================================================== /routing table add disabled=no fib name=to-ISP1 add disabled=no fib name=to-ISP2 /ip firewall address-list add address=192.168.0.0/16 list=RFC1918-LOCAL comment="Bypass Private LAN Traffic" add address=10.0.0.0/8 list=RFC1918-LOCAL add address=172.16.0.0/12 list=RFC1918-LOCAL /ip firewall mangle add action=accept chain=prerouting dst-address-list=RFC1918-LOCAL in-interface=bridge-lan comment="Bypass Local-to-Local / Inter-VLAN dari PCC" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark in-interface=ether1-ISP1 new-connection-mark=ISP1_conn passthrough=yes comment="Mark Inbound ISP1" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark in-interface=ether2-ISP2 new-connection-mark=ISP2_conn passthrough=yes comment="Mark Inbound ISP2" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark dst-address-type=!local in-interface=bridge-lan new-connection-mark=ISP1_conn passthrough=yes per-connection-classifier=both-addresses-and-ports:3/0 comment="PCC Stream 1/3 -> ISP1 (100M)" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark dst-address-type=!local in-interface=bridge-lan new-connection-mark=ISP1_conn passthrough=yes per-connection-classifier=both-addresses-and-ports:3/1 comment="PCC Stream 2/3 -> ISP1 (100M)" add action=mark-connection chain=prerouting connection-mark=no-mark dst-address-type=!local in-interface=bridge-lan new-connection-mark=ISP2_conn passthrough=yes per-connection-classifier=both-addresses-and-ports:3/2 comment="PCC Stream 3/3 -> ISP2 (50M)" add action=mark-routing chain=prerouting connection-mark=ISP1_conn in-interface=bridge-lan new-routing-mark=to-ISP1 passthrough=no comment="Route LAN ke ISP1" add action=mark-routing chain=prerouting connection-mark=ISP2_conn in-interface=bridge-lan new-routing-mark=to-ISP2 passthrough=no comment="Route LAN ke ISP2" add action=mark-routing chain=output connection-mark=ISP1_conn new-routing-mark=to-ISP1 passthrough=no comment="Route Output Router ke ISP1" add action=mark-routing chain=output connection-mark=ISP2_conn new-routing-mark=to-ISP2 passthrough=no comment="Route Output Router ke ISP2" /ip firewall nat add action=masquerade chain=srcnat out-interface=ether1-ISP1 comment="NAT Masquerade ISP1 (100 Mbps)" add action=masquerade chain=srcnat out-interface=ether2-ISP2 comment="NAT Masquerade ISP2 (50 Mbps)" # Recursive Routing Failover (Mendeteksi Putus di Tengah Jaringan ISP / FO Cut) /ip route add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 gateway=192.168.1.1 scope=10 target-scope=10 comment="Monitor Host ISP1 via ether1-ISP1" add dst-address=8.8.8.8/32 gateway=192.168.2.1 scope=10 target-scope=10 comment="Monitor Host ISP2 via ether2-ISP2" # Routing Table per ISP + Cascading Backup Otomatis add check-gateway=ping distance=1 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=1.1.1.1 routing-table=to-ISP1 scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Primary Route Table ISP1" add check-gateway=ping distance=2 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=8.8.8.8 routing-table=to-ISP1 scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Failover Table ISP1 -> Backup ISP2" add check-gateway=ping distance=1 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=8.8.8.8 routing-table=to-ISP2 scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Primary Route Table ISP2" add check-gateway=ping distance=2 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=1.1.1.1 routing-table=to-ISP2 scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Failover Table ISP2 -> Backup ISP1" # Default Route pada Main Routing Table add check-gateway=ping distance=1 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=1.1.1.1 routing-table=main scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Default Route Main ISP1 (Distance 1)" add check-gateway=ping distance=2 dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=8.8.8.8 routing-table=main scope=30 target-scope=11 comment="Default Route Main ISP2 (Distance 2)"
| No | Segment Name | WAN Interface | Gateway IP | Bandwidth | Check-Gateway Target IP | PCC Stream Weight | Connection Mark | Routing Table |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ISP1 | ether1-ISP1 | 192.168.1.1 | 100 Mbps | 1.1.1.1 | 2 | ISP1_conn | to-ISP1 |
| 2 | ISP2 | ether2-ISP2 | 192.168.2.1 | 50 Mbps | 8.8.8.8 | 1 | ISP2_conn | to-ISP2 |
Core Concept & Engineering Notes
How It Was Calculated (Formulas & Steps)
Mathematical Formulas
- Initial ISP Weight = max(1, round(Bandwidth ÷ 10))
- GCD = gcd(Weight ISP1, Weight ISP2, ..., Weight ISPN)
- Reduced Ratio = Initial Weight ÷ GCD
- Total PCC Streams = Σ(Reduced Ratio) (scaled if > 15 for CPU efficiency)
- Recursive Route: Gateway host check via modem gateway with scope=10 and target-scope=11
Step-by-Step Calculation
- Configured 2 WAN links with total aggregated capacity of 150 Mbps
- Calculated bandwidth weights via GCD reduction: ISP1 (100 Mbps) : ISP2 (50 Mbps) → Ratio 2 : 1 (3 PCC streams total)
- Generated RouterOS v7 routing tables, RFC 1918 bypass mangle rules, and recursive host monitoring for ISP1 via 1.1.1.1, ISP2 via 8.8.8.8
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Why is the 'both-addresses-and-ports' classifier recommended for most setups?
This classifier hashes source IP, destination IP, and transport ports together. It yields the most even traffic distribution across multi-user networks without breaking HTTPS sessions, since any individual transport session remains locked to one WAN link.
What is the purpose of the RFC 1918 bypass rule in the PCC mangle table?
An early accept rule targeting private IP ranges (10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16) ensures that local inter-VLAN routing, printer access, and modem management traffic are not inadvertently marked and routed out to the internet.
How does Recursive Routing Failover function in RouterOS v7?
The router defines a static host route to a public IP (e.g. 1.1.1.1) with scope=10 via the modem gateway. The default route (0.0.0.0/0) then uses 1.1.1.1 as its gateway with check-gateway=ping and target-scope=11. If pings to 1.1.1.1 fail, the default route becomes inactive.
Can PCC combine the download speed of a single-connection download?
No. A single TCP connection is routed through exactly one ISP. Aggregate throughput (e.g. 100 + 50 = 150 Mbps) is realized across concurrent multi-connection activities such as multi-threaded download managers or multiple concurrent users.
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References & Notes
- MikroTik Documentation — PCC (Per Connection Classifier)
- MikroTik Documentation — Advanced Routing & Recursive Failover
Note: Results above are mathematical estimates based on standard formulas. Always verify against official vendor documentation and site conditions before production deployment.
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Browse All 30+ Scenarios →⚡ Ready-to-Use Scenario Presets:
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Instant /30 CIDR reference: Subnet Mask is 255.255.255.252, Wildcard 0.0.0.3, Total IPs 4, and 2 Usable Hosts. Ideal for Point-to-Point Inter-Router WAN Link (2 Usable IPs).
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Engineering Sensitivity Analysis, Response Curve & Technical Citation
1. 1. 3-Point Engineering Sensitivity & Tolerance Envelope
Comparative evaluation across theoretical laboratory bounds (0% loss), current nominal operating point, and conservative field safety bounds (±15% thermal/aging derating).
| Evaluated Parameter | Ideal Theoretical Bound | Nominal Operating Point | Conservative Safety Bound (±15%) | Engineering Derating Rule |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of ISP Lines (WAN) | 1.8 | 2 | 2.3 | Engineering Safety Margin (+15% Overhead) |
| Total Combined Bandwidth | 135 | 150 | 173 | Engineering Safety Margin (+15% Overhead) |
| Total PCC Streams | 2.7 | 3 | 3.45 | Engineering Safety Margin (+15% Overhead) |
2. 2. Mathematical Function Curve & Operating Coordinate (x₀, y₀)
3. 3. Physical Constants & Normative Standard Clauses
DC Loop Resistance for 23 AWG Solid Copper Cat6
Clause 6.4.1 / Table 145-1 — Nominal 23 AWG solid copper loop resistance at 20°C is 14.0 Ω/100m (TIA maximum ceiling is 18.8 Ω/100m).
Single-Mode Optical Fiber Attenuation Coefficient at 1490 nm
Table 1 / Class B+ & C+ Optical Path — Typical G.652.D attenuation at 1490 nm downstream is 0.22–0.25 dB/km (1310 nm upstream: 0.35 dB/km).
Temperature Coefficient of Resistance for Copper
International Annealed Copper Standard — Used in thermal derating equation: R(T) = R_20 × [1 + 0.00393 × (T - 20)].
4. 4. Independent Technical & Academic Citation (IEEE / APA 7th / BibTeX / LaTeX)
Use the standard citation formats below to reference this computational methodology in engineering specifications, audit reports, or academic papers.
[IEEE] KalkuNet Engineering Team, "MikroTik Multi-WAN PCC Load Balance Calculator — Standard Engineering Computational Instrument," KalkuNet Technical Suite, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://kalkunet.com/en/tools/mikrotik-pcc-calculator. [Accessed: 2026-11-08].
[APA 7th] KalkuNet Engineering Team. (2026). MikroTik Multi-WAN PCC Load Balance Calculator (Production release 2026-11-08) [Engineering computational software]. KalkuNet. https://kalkunet.com/en/tools/mikrotik-pcc-calculator
@software{kalkunet_mikrotik_pcc_calculator_2026,
author = {{KalkuNet Engineering Team}},
title = {{MikroTik Multi-WAN PCC Load Balance Calculator --- KalkuNet Engineering Suite}},
year = {2026},
publisher = {KalkuNet.com},
url = {https://kalkunet.com/en/tools/mikrotik-pcc-calculator},
urldate = {2026-11-08}
}
% LaTeX Engineering Derivation — Generated via https://kalkunet.com/en/tools/mikrotik-pcc-calculator
\begin{equation}
\text{Model: } Initial ISP Weight = max(1, round(Bandwidth ÷ 10))
\end{equation}
% Parameter Input Terukur: ispCount = 2, \; mode = pcc, \; classifier = both-addresses-and-ports, \; lanIface = bridge-lan
% Hasil Evaluasi Numerik : ispCount = \mathbf{2}, \; mode = \mathbf{pcc}, \; classifier = \mathbf{both-addresses-and-ports}